Wednesday, 2 October 2024

Encyclopedia of Torah Thoughts, by Rabbi Charles Chavel (Book of the Month, Tishrei 5785)

Not many people today are familiar with the name of Rabbi Dr Charles Chavel. So who was he? Born in Ciechanow, Poland in 1906, he moved to the United States in 1920, receiving semicha in 1929 and a doctorate from the University of Chicago in 1928. 

A communal rabbi and later a dayan, R' Chavel was chief editor of the journal HaDarom from 1957 until his death in 1982. A recipient of the Rabbi Kook Jewish Book Prize, he moved to Jerusalem where he joined the Board of Directors of Mossad HaRav Kook.

The Encyclopedia of Torah Thoughts, published in 1980, is one of R’ Chavel’s most significant works. Its title is misleading, since it is not an encyclopedia at all. Rather, it is an annotated English translation of Rabbenu Bachya ben Asher’s monumental Kad HaKemach—a set of 60 discourses, arranged in alphabetical order, that sought to embrace every aspect of Jewish life as it was seen from the perspective of 13th century Spain. As such, it complements his translations of the works of Rambam.

This remarkable book, part of the Marvin N. Hirschhorn collection, can be found on the shelves of Beit Knesset Hanassi, where you are welcome to peruse it.

Tuesday, 1 October 2024

Grandmother's Courage

ESRA is a remarkable organisation, dedicated to strengthening the English-speaking community in terms of its integration into Israeli society and the making of a positive contribution to life in Israel through work, volunteering and the promotion of educational and welfare projects. One of ESRA's activities is the publication of the ESRA Magazine, to which Hanassi member Pessy Krausz is a contributor.  Here's a powerful and poignant piece by Pessy, which needs to explanation. We pray that Hashem in His mercy will watch over not only Pessy's grandson but also the grandchildren of all our members who put their lives at risk so that we may live safely in the land He has given us.

Grandmother's Courage

My grandson’s in Gaza
need I say more?
Yes, his wife, sweet student runs
to her parents forth and back
to her own home where her
soldier husband returned!
Smelly uniform, socks, no shower
from days on end fighting at the front
boots on the ground – a paratrooper proud...

My grandson's in Gaza
need I say more?
Yes! Now there’s a sweet baby
a beauty who’s named Harel
‘Har’ in Hebrew stands for mountain
‘El’ stands for the Almighty’s name
a new generation fights for peace
Prime minister David Ben-Gurion said,
“To be a realist in Israel, in Miracles you must believe!”

My grandson’s in Gaza
need I say more?
Yes! Grandmother’s heart races
sighting him in uniform
with gun slung on one shoulder
his baby on the other
free hand his baby’s carriage wheels
along supermarket’s corridor…
unlike one he emerged from – in Gaza

My grandson’s in Gaza
need I say more?
Yes! Baby fast growing up, asks
“Will dad return home soon from our
Swords of Iron War?” Hug him
Hug him tight, give him courage,
explain, his dad’s not the only one –
who comforts grandma with this slogan
“When the going gets tough, the tough get going!”

The author dedicates her poem to the many grandmothers who share the pain and pride of their grandsons proudly defending our one and only country which we can call home. She shares the immeasurable agony of families coping with loss of dear ones who fall fighting for us all. May our worthy cause bring some measure of comfort.

Photo with permission of Noam Krausz.

Our two great poems: Haazinu 5785

Checking through our little pile of pending divrei Torah, we found that the Destiny Foundation had provided us this year not with one devar Torah for Shabbat Shuva (parshat Haazinu) but with two. This is the second one. Enjoy!

There are two major poetical songs that appear in the Torah. One is the great song of deliverance, which was the reaction of Moshe and the Jewish people to their being saved from the bondage of Egypt and the waters of Yam Suf. The other is that of this week's parsha, Haazinu. Moshe composed this too, at the end of the forty-year sojourn of the Jewish people in the desert of Sinai, at Moshe’s point of departure from life in this world.

The background of these songs is manifestly different, as is their tone. The song of Yam Suf is a song of exultation and triumph, expressing relief of deliverance from a brutal foe. But it is basically a poem of the past, of what has already just occurred, and an acknowledgment of God's previous goodness towards Israel. This week, in Haazinu the song is of a much darker hue. Visionary, prophetic and somber, it sees the great challenges of the future that lie before this people that Moshe so loved and loyally served. It is a song that will accompany the Jewish people throughout their long and tortured road of exile, persecution, survival and eventual triumph.

To our generation, standing as we do centuries after Moshe spoke these words, this is a clear and incisive description of what has happened to us and of our mission in the world. Haazinu reflects current events and not merely a recording of our past. Both of Moshe’s poems are essential to the development of Jewish life—but they each transmit a different message. The ability to live, so to speak, in the past and in the future at one and the same time is a particularly Jewish trait. The Jewish people have a long memory and collectively, even if not individually, we remember everything that has befallen us. Tragically, for many Jews of our time this memory has failed. For them, our story has been lost.

Only a minority of the Jewish world recites Moshe’s song at the Yam Suf in daily prayer services, and there are large numbers of Jews for whom deliverance from Egypt and the splitting of the sea at Yam Suf are no longer even distant memories. Forgetting the song of Yam Suf is tantamount to gradually excluding oneself from Jewish society. Forgetting the song of Haazinu is even more damaging to the individual Jew and to the nation. Those who live only in the present and do not glimpse the greatness of the future truly cut themselves off from participation in it.

The poem of Haazinu promises us repentance and redemption, serenity and a better world. Without this song, and without the belief that the vision it contains is accurate and true, the Jewish people could never have survived the long night of our exile and troubles. This song was “to be placed in their mouths” as the witness for all our history and a valid proof of the just entitlements of our future. Our task is to rededicate ourselves to fulfill the goals of this great song of Haazinu in the year before us, which we hope and pray will be good and blessed.

Shabbat shalom, Rabbi Berel Wein

Monday, 30 September 2024

Ha'azinu set to music

Besides Rabbi Berel Wein's divrei Torah, we can also share with you Max Stern's Ha'azinu. This piece lasts around half an hour and Max -- a leading Israeli classical composer and a long-standing member of Beit Knesset Hanassi -- is playing the double bass in it. 

The link is on YouTube is here.

Heaven and Earth, the eternal witnesses: Haazinu 5785

This week’s parsha outlines the special nature of Jewish history and all its events. Ramban, in the 13th century, comments that anyone who can, so many centuries earlier, accurately foretell the subsequent fate of a people must be an exceptional prophet. Moshe certainly fits that description since he passes this test: the parsha of Haazinu provides the proof. Now, more than 750 years after Ramban, we can add nothing to his words.

The rabbis of the Talmud ascribed the crown of wisdom to the one who has a vision of the future. Even though Moshe is the greatest of all prophets, his title amongst the Jewish people is “Moshe the teacher”. This indicates that he was able to translate both his wisdom and his knowledge into an ability to view the future.

In this week’s parsha Moshe lays down the basic template for Jewish history throughout the ages: the struggle to remain Jewish and not succumb to the blandishments of current cultures and beliefs, the illogical and almost pathological enmity of the world to Judaism and the Jewish people, the awful price paid by Jews throughout history and the eventual realization by Jews, and the non-Jewish world as well, that God guides us, as he has always done, through the passage of our lives. We may never know the precise particulars of our future but, if we want to know what lies ahead, we have only to read and study Moshe’s words. Given their remarkable prophetic force, it is no wonder that our children would traditionally commit this parsha to memory, for within it is recorded the entire essence of Jewish history.

Moshe calls heaven and earth as witnesses to the covenant and the historical fate of his people. Rashi explains that not only are they honest and objective witnesses but, most importantly, they are eternal, in contrast with human witnesses who, being mortal, will die. Later generations will not be able to hear their testimony and, even though current video technology seeks to correct this deficiency, much of the personal nuance and force which colors all human testimony is lost.

So we rely on heaven and earth to reinforce our belief and commitment to the eternal covenant. The very wonders and mysteries of nature point to the Creator. All human history rises to testify to the uniqueness of the Jewish story and the special role that wehave played, and continue to play, in human events. Much of the testimony of these two witnesses is frightening and worrisome—but it is even more frightening to be unaware of our past, and therefore of our course for the future. We should listen carefully to the parsha. It has much to teach us about our world and ourselves.

Shabbat shalom, Rabbi Berel Wein         

Sunday, 29 September 2024

Mizmor LeDavid -- a psalm of thanksgiving

It has been a hard year for us all -- but we all respond to the problems and pressures of the moment in different ways. Our esteemed member Max Stern, a leading light among modern Israeli composers, has responded creatively. He writes:

“In these troubled times I managed to record this song that David wrote when he brought the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem (with almost the original instruments).

 וַיֹּאמֶר דָּוִיד, לְשָׂרֵי הַלְוִיִּם, לְהַעֲמִיד אֶת-אֲחֵיהֶם הַמְשֹׁרְרִים, בִּכְלֵי-שִׁיר נְבָלִים וְכִנֹּרוֹת וּמְצִלְתָּיִם--מַשְׁמִיעִים לְהָרִים-בְּקוֹל, לְשִׂמְחָה

May it bring us a blessing in our days as well.”

We asked Max what inspired him and where his idea came from. He told us this:

"I got the idea to set this to music from reading this commentary:

This Song of Thanksgiving was written by King David for Asaph and his brother Levites following the celebrations in bringing the Holy Ark to Jerusalem (1 Chr. 15). It was sung in the Tabernacle which David erected as accompaniment to the daily sacrifices: the first 15 verses (1 Chr. 16:1-15) during the tamid-offering in the morning service, and the last 14 verses (1Chr. 16:23-36) during the mincha-tamid-offering in the afternoon. It continued to be sung for 43 years until Solomon inaugurated the Temple. They were later incorporated into liturgy, as pesukei d’zimra (verses of praise) in the daily morning service of the synagogue.

I then read the passage from 1 Chronicles which gives the instruments he used:

16 And David spoke to the chief of the Levites to appoint their brethren the singers, with instruments of music, psalteries and harps and cymbals, sounding aloud and lifting up the voice with joy.

Because I didn't have a Levitical choir or harps to work with I substituted them with local singers and piano. But this could be done with many harps & trumpets and a 2-part choir as well. Maybe someday..."

You can enjoy Max’s song on YouTube here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bNL9tAfO4iQ


Friday, 27 September 2024

Confusing the satan

Have you ever wondered about our shofar-blowing in the month of Elul? Why do we blow and blow, day after day--but fail to do so on the very last day before Rosh Hashanah? What does this have to with the satan? How can he be confused as to when Rosh Hashanah starts? And why can't he remember from year to year how we annually confuse him? If you find all this puzzling, we're here to enlighten you. 

Last Wednesday Rabbi Joel Kenigsberg took over the f ourth and final slot in the OU's Beit Midrash Rechavia program and gave a stunning shiur with the tantalising title "Confusing the Satan". Reviewing a wide spread of sources, he laid this topic open for all to enjoy.  This blogpost offers no plot-spoilers, so if you want to know the real story behind the satan and his confusion, just follow this YouTube link.



Beaten, but never down

 In this week's Torah reading we revisit the story of Balak, Balaam and his talking donkey. The whole episode of Balak and his failed at...